المستوى A2

have to: الإلزام الخارجي — Have to: external obligation

have to معناها «يجب» لأن القواعد أو الآخرين يطلبون ذلك، مثلًا: I have to go. ومع he وshe وit نقول has to. «ليس مضطرًا»، مثلًا: doesn't have to. وفي الماضي، مثلًا: had to.

I have to go.

يجب أن أذهب.

انظروا: I have to go. يجب أن أذهب.

الصيغ

• She has to work. — مع he وshe وit: has to
• She doesn't have to work. — ليست مضطرة، وليس ممنوعًا
• We had to wait. — في الماضي: had to

خطأ شائع

خطأ: She doesn't must finish it.

صحيح: She doesn't have to finish it.

خطأ شائع: نضع does قبل must. الصحيح: She doesn't have to finish it.

أمثلة أخرى

Do you have to go now?

هل يجب أن تذهب الآن؟

في السؤال تأتي do أولًا، مثلًا: Do you have to go now?

He had to work yesterday.

اضطر إلى العمل أمس.

وعن الأمس نقول had، مثلًا: He had to work yesterday.